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做的网站如何发布,seo外包杭州,淮北市重点工程建设局网站,宁波网站建设流程有哪些天萃荷净运维DBA反映数据库使用逻辑导出导入exp/imp的方法迁移数据时出现筹码与字符长度变长问题，分析原因为字符编码问题导致，通过ZHS16GBK和AL32UTF8字符编码分析exp/imp。一、试验环境和试验准备工作1.源端[oraclenode1 ~]$ echo $LANGzh_CN.gb2312[o…

天萃荷净

运维DBA反映数据库使用逻辑导出导入exp/imp的方法迁移数据时出现筹码与字符长度变长问题，分析原因为字符编码问题导致，通过ZHS16GBK和AL32UTF8字符编码分析exp/imp。

一、试验环境和试验准备工作

1.源端

[oracle@node1 ~]$ echo $LANG

zh_CN.gb2312

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus hr/oracleplus

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Dec 21 14:07:24 2011

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0-64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> SELECT userenv('language') FROM dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

SQL> create table oracleplus (name varchar2(6));

Table created.

SQL> insert into oracleplus values('Oracle研究中心');

1 row created.

SQL> /

1 row created.

SQL> /

1 row created.

SQL> /

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from oracleplus;

NAME

------

Oracle研究中心

2.目标端

[oracle@node1 ~]$ echo $LANG

zh_CN.gb2312

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Dec 21 15:26:18 2011

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0-64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

SQL> SELECT userenv('language') FROM dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

二、导出测试表(oracleplus)

1.ZHS16GBK编码

[oracle@node1 ~]$ echo $NLS_LANG

AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

[oracle@node1 ~]$ exp hr/oracleplus file=/tmp/oracleplus.dmp \

log=/tmp/oracleplus.log tables=oracleplus

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Dec 21 14:07:11 2011

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0-64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table oracleplus 4 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

2.AL32UTF8编码

[oracle@node1 ~]$ export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

[oracle@node1 ~]$ exp hr/oracleplus file=/tmp/oracleplus_new.dmp \

> log=/tmp/oracleplus_new.log tables=oracleplus

Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Dec 21 14:38:14 2011

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0-64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export done in AL32UTF8 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table oracleplus 4 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

3.dmp文件比较

3.1)文件大小比较

[oracle@node1 ~]$ cd /tmp

[oracle@node1 tmp]$ ll *.dmp

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 12-21 14:07 oracleplus.dmp

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 12-21 14:38 oracleplus_new.dmp

虽然导出客户端设置了不步的编码，但是导出的文件大小相等

3.2)文件头部比较

--oracleplus.dmp

00000000h: 03 03 54 45 58 50 4F 52 54 3A 56 31 30 2E 30 32 ; ..TEXPORT:V10.02

00000010h: 2E 30 31 0A 44 48 52 0A 52 54 41 42 4C 45 53 0A ; .01.DHR.RTABLES.

00000020h: 38 31 39 32 0A 30 0A 33 32 0A 30 0A 03 54 03 54 ; 8192.0.32.0..T.T

00000030h: 07 D0 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 11 00 20 ; .?............

00000040h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ;

00000050h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ;

00000060h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 57 65 64 20 44 65 63 ; Wed Dec

00000070h: 20 32 31 20 31 34 3A 37 3A 31 32 20 32 30 31 31 ; 21 14:7:12 2011

00000080h: 2F 74 6D 70 2F 78 69 66 65 6E 66 65 69 2E 64 6D ; /tmp/oracleplus.dm

00000090h: 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ; p...............

--oracleplus_new.dmp

00000000h: 03 03 69 45 58 50 4F 52 54 3A 56 31 30 2E 30 32 ; ..iEXPORT:V10.02

00000010h: 2E 30 31 0A 44 48 52 0A 52 54 41 42 4C 45 53 0A ; .01.DHR.RTABLES.

00000020h: 38 31 39 32 0A 30 0A 33 32 0A 30 0A 03 69 03 54 ; 8192.0.32.0..i.T

00000030h: 07 D0 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 15 00 20 ; .?............

00000040h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ;

00000050h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ;

00000060h: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 57 65 64 20 44 65 63 20 ; Wed Dec

00000070h: 32 31 20 31 34 3A 33 38 3A 31 35 20 32 30 31 31 ; 21 14:38:15 2011

00000080h: 2F 74 6D 70 2F 78 69 66 65 6E 66 65 69 5F 6E 65 ; /tmp/oracleplus_ne

00000090h: 77 2E 64 6D 70 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ; w.dmp...........

--ZHS16GBK dmp 文件第2,3字节为 0354

--AL32UTF8 dmp 文件第2,3字节为 0369

3.3)比较dmp文件内容

--oracleplus.dmp

000020ceh: 2B 30 30 3A 30 30 00 00 04 00 42 59 54 45 06 00 ; +00:00....BYTE..

000020deh: 55 4E 55 53 45 44 01 00 32 0B 00 49 4E 54 45 52 ; UNUSED..2..INTER

000020eeh: 50 52 45 54 45 44 0B 00 44 49 53 41 42 4C 45 3A ; PRETED..DISABLE:

000020feh: 41 4C 4C 00 00 0A 4D 45 54 52 49 43 53 54 0A 54 ; ALL...METRICST.T

0000210eh: 41 42 4C 45 20 22 58 49 46 45 4E 46 45 49 22 0A ; ABLE "oracleplus".

0000211eh: 43 52 45 41 54 45 20 54 41 42 4C 45 20 22 58 49 ; CREATE TABLE "XI

0000212eh: 46 45 4E 46 45 49 22 20 28 22 4E 41 4D 45 22 20 ; FENFEI" ("NAME"

0000213eh: 56 41 52 43 48 41 52 32 28 36 29 29 20 20 50 43 ; VARCHAR2(6)) PC

0000214eh: 54 46 52 45 45 20 31 30 20 50 43 54 55 53 45 44 ; TFREE 10 PCTUSED

0000215eh: 20 34 30 20 49 4E 49 54 52 41 4E 53 20 31 20 4D ; 40 INITRANS 1 M

0000216eh: 41 58 54 52 41 4E 53 20 32 35 35 20 53 54 4F 52 ; AXTRANS 255 STOR

0000217eh: 41 47 45 28 49 4E 49 54 49 41 4C 20 36 35 35 33 ; AGE(INITIAL 6553

0000218eh: 36 20 4E 45 58 54 20 31 30 34 38 35 37 36 20 46 ; 6 NEXT 1048576 F

0000219eh: 52 45 45 4C 49 53 54 53 20 31 20 46 52 45 45 4C ; REELISTS 1 FREEL

000021aeh: 49 53 54 20 47 52 4F 55 50 53 20 31 20 42 55 46 ; IST GROUPS 1 BUF

000021beh: 46 45 52 5F 50 4F 4F 4C 20 44 45 46 41 55 4C 54 ; FER_POOL DEFAULT

000021ceh: 29 20 54 41 42 4C 45 53 50 41 43 45 20 22 55 53 ; ) TABLESPACE "US

000021deh: 45 52 53 22 20 4C 4F 47 47 49 4E 47 20 4E 4F 43 ; ERS" LOGGING NOC

000021eeh: 4F 4D 50 52 45 53 53 0A 49 4E 53 45 52 54 20 49 ; OMPRESS.INSERT I

000021feh: 4E 54 4F 20 22 58 49 46 45 4E 46 45 49 22 20 28 ; NTO "oracleplus" (

0000220eh: 22 4E 41 4D 45 22 29 20 56 41 4C 55 45 53 20 28 ; "NAME") VALUES (

0000221eh: 3A 31 29 0A 01 00 01 00 06 00 54 03 01 00 00 00 ; :1).......T.....

0000222eh: 00 00 06 00 CF A7 B7 D6 B7 C9 00 00 06 00 CF A7 ; ....Oracle研究中心....惜

0000223eh: B7 D6 B7 C9 00 00 06 00 CF A7 B7 D6 B7 C9 00 00 ; 分飞....Oracle研究中心..

0000224eh: 06 00 CF A7 B7 D6 B7 C9 00 00 FF FF 0A 4D 45 54 ; ..Oracle研究中心..

--------------------------------------ORACLE-DBA----------------------------------------

最权威、专业的Oracle案例资源汇总之【学习笔记】Oracle逻辑导入导出出现乱码的原理和解决办法

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